The legal and institutional framework of SWM in Egypt is weak and there is an urgent need for modernizing
the sector. Due to the growing solid waste management crisis, the government established an Inter-
Ministerial Committee (IMC) in 2009 to address the situation. The IMC involved representatives from all
key Ministries playing a role in the waste management sector, and was charged with tasks including
preparing a proposal for the future institutional arrangements to govern the waste management sector
across Egypt8.